European alchemy traces its history back to the 1st century AD. Influenced by Greek philosopher Zosimos, alchemy evolved into a mystical science with added elements. Arab scholars greatly advanced alchemy in the 12th-13th centuries. By the 14th-16th centuries, alchemy became famous for concepts like "search for gold" and "elixir of life." Robert Boyle's work in 1661 marked a shift from alchemy to chemistry, leading to the development of scientific alchemy in Europe