The history of commodity-money relations dates back to ancient times. Initially starting from barter trade, currency was later standardized as a measure of value for goods. From the 7th century BC in Lydia, the first gold and silver coins were introduced. In the middle ages, trade relations developed, leading to the emergence of banknotes. With the development of capitalism in the 17th-18th centuries, international trade expanded, and monetary systems were modernized. The first paper money was introduced in China in the 7th century AD. Later in the 20th century, electronic payment systems, especially credit cards, became widely used and reshaped modern financial relations