The history of temperament theories dates back to ancient times and aims to identify various character and personality traits of individuals. From the 5th century BC, the Greek scholar Hippocrates proposed the theory of the four temperaments: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm, which define temperament types. Later, the Greek philosopher Galen developed this theory, classifying people into four temperamental types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. In later centuries and during the Renaissance period, this theory was widely accepted as a fundamental principle in subsequent research. With the development of modern psychology in the 19th century, temperament theories gained new scientific foundations