The main reasons for anthropogenic degradation in Orolboʻy: diversion of Sirdaryo and Amudaryo waters to wide channels for irrigation purposes and sharp decrease in water flow; excess irrigation and salinization due to cotton monoculture; improper hydro meliorative management and drainage system breakdown; excessive groundwater extraction; deforestation and overgrazing; pollution from agrochemicals and industrial discharges; wind erosion and increasing salinity of soils; intensification of desertification due to climate change